The term comes from the Greek dimorphos, meaning having two forms. Most species of non-microbial organisms, plants and animals—at least some time in their life cycle—reproduce sexually. They have males, which make sperm that are tiny and motile, and females, which make eggs that contain nutrients sufficient to develop into a new individual. Humans obviously fit this pattern, and it accounts for some notable male/female differences that relate to war and many other social interactions. Read more.
War
Dr. Hand's work on social conflict includes four books: Women, Power, and the Biology of Peace; A Future Without War. The Strategy of a Warfare Transition, 2nd Ed.; Shift: The Beginning of War, The Ending of War; and War and Sex and Human Destiny. She founded the project A Future Without War.org, served on the advisory board of San Diego Americans for a Department of Peace, and has spoken nationally and internationally. Essays and materials available on the website AFutureWithoutWar.org and in her books provide a “how to” exploration for advancing a profound social transformation that includes the abolition of war. Learn more.
Women
Koinoniarchy, from the Greek word koinonia which means to share, is a word to describe a governing system in which women share as equal partners with men in deciding humanity’s destiny – a necessary condition for creating and maintaining a future without war. Why women's empowerment is critical to abolishing war is another of Dr. Hand's major interests. Read more.
Global Peace
Global Peace is also an area of interest for Dr. Hand. If the global community is to bring an end to the use of war to resolve conflicts, the most logical likely tool to do so would be to construct an enforceable global peace treaty that could be the foundation for a global peace system. Her interest focuses on the characteristics of peace systems, those in the past and those of today. Learn more.